It is made up
of four parts
A – The aims and objectives of the project
B- The executive Summary
C- An analysis of what actually happened against the original objectives
D- An analysis of what happened against the original Outcomes
A – The
aims and objectives of the project
Aim
To provide an inter-active service to a local community which offers
impartial advice on the electoral process, the forthcoming local
elections and continued interactive access to elected members.
Objectives
• Objective
1 -To raise awareness of the electoral process
• Objective 2 -To connect electors to candidates
• Objective 3 -To engage a young population into politics
• Objective 4 -To provide a forum for debate and discussion
• Objective 5 -To provide a resource for those teaching and
promoting active citizenship
• Objective 6 -To increase turn-out at local elections
• Objective 7 -To reach adults who have never voted before
• Objective 8 -To deliver objectives in the e-learning, e-democracy
and e-government agenda
Geographic Scope
• All wards in North East Lincolnshire (Grimsby, Cleethorpes
and Immingham)
This was to be
achieved by using an interactive website as its hub and “reference
library” to assemble useful information to assist in reengaging
the public with their elected representatives.
The use of a
website allowed ELECT to partially recreate “the hustings',
to counter the existing state where electoral information is "supply-led"
and non-interactive, for example, via radio and television programmes
and delivered leaflets.
Using new technologies
will ensure information and interaction is "demand-led",
shifting the debate agenda to the voter.
What should not
be ignored are the non website activities designed into the project,
these included banners, leaflets, interviews on TV and Radio, candidate
media training and public meetings.
B The executive Summary
The “Active
Citizenship” Project had three interconnected aims
To provide an inter-active service to a local community which offered
impartial advice on
1. the electoral process,
2. the 2003 local elections
3. and continued interactive access to elected members
With the actions
described in this report which includes the website and associated
activities we feel that the first two items have been covered and
that the basis for the third has been laid.
In North East
Lincolnshire we had full cooperation and assistance from Democratic
Services, Education (both schools and Adult) and Business Development
and all the political parties, we would like to thank them for their
support.
I think it is
important to point out that we able to choose such an advanced information
technology area such as North East Lincolnshire. With NTL cable
TV and broadband web access and 11 libraries online and 23 UKOnline
centres, our own digital public service TV Studio at Immingham,
we were able to take a cutting edge approach.
We assessed very
early in our planning that people were “switched off by politics”
but everyone is interested in the Issues that affect them. We therefore
pushed this whole “Issue” approach in our attempt to
reconnect the public with their elected officials.
The strong support
we received from a wide range of educational specialists at our
18th February rollout to stakeholders was memorable. This started
a train of pilot adult education programmes in the 11 online libraries
and the school lesson planning now being written for different age
groups.
The audio content assists, the blind and those who are not fully
literate and the website can be used for teaching logic, IT familiarity,
history, statistics as well as citizenship content for the National
Curriculum. Development of these elements would provide many benefits
Every candidate
received an invitation to be included on the website, with their
own set of pages allowing them to give their CV, their issues in
text and audio, an email address for them to use and people to contact
them. The facility of being able to issue a press release from any
online computer in the world onto their pages is also included.
These invitations were handed out by the Electoral Registration
officers and followed up by ELECT to the candidates’ home
address.
64 out of the
91 candidates presented themselves for briefing and interview and
over 250 audio comments on ward issues were recorded. Each candidate
could repeat their entries until they were satisfied. They were
asked to give three ward issues and a “why vote for me”!
The party leaders
also attended extra interviews to give the Key Council wide Issues
they were using to promote their party. They each gave three issues
and also “Why vote for my party”. The opposing leaders
were then offered the opportunity to answer the other parties’
remarks.
The Independents
(5 out of 8 attended) were given equal space to the political parties
and offered the opportunity of presenting one issue each and one
reply.
A local TV debate
was arranged by ELECT. Two party leaders and one deputy took part.
Also on the panel were an Independent (chosen by lot) and the Member
of Youth Parliament. This was transmitted to a potential local audience
of 40,000 and repeated for 7 nights.
Banners were
placed throughout the borough, 6000 leaflets were circulated encouraging
participation and a number of TV and radio interviews took place.
There is no doubt
that we raised the profile of the election, whether we can claim
the increase in turnout is more difficult to assess. (29.1% to 30.3%)
Funding is now
being sought to carry out the third element - to offer continued
interactive access to elected members and to “grow the seeds”
that we have planted in setting up an impartial online messageboard
and registering enough people onto the ElectionsUK/YOUGOV polling
panel to be able to assist the Council and the residents to be able,
quickly and cost effectively judge the mood on contentious issues.
This polling is different from many around as it allows a full demographic
balance to be given to the replies enabling a properly representative
response.
What could we
have done better?
We could have
perhaps convinced the 27 candidates who did not or could not find
the time to attend for interview of the potential of this innovative
project.
We needed to
have started months earlier (the funding acceptance arriving in
the run up to Christmas) to lay the foundations early enough to
make a significent difference.
Please remember
that we were truly pioneering and had to try and fit in with the
established method of running an election as well as “pushing
out the boundaries” of what might be possible for an impartial
supplier to raise the profile of the election in schools, business,
homes and not least with candidates.
Many candidates
(and councillors) undersell themselves, whether through lack of
opportunity or aptitude I am not sure.
I felt it a privilege
to have had one-to-one talks with so many local politicians who
had the community very much in their hearts. Many useful suggestions
were made on vital policies and without our project many of these
would never have been aired.
An interesting
point has been made that the views on issues made by those elected
as councillors provides a useful database of information for council
officials to know “what your councillor really thinks!”
Owing to the
small immigrant population in North East Lincolnshire we did not
get the opportunity to develop another part of our strategy, to
engage and help integrate those new to our country. We feel that
use of website such as ours, acting as a library, introduced by
local ethnic leaders in their mother tongue and using subtitles
could have a major influence in assisting better integration into
the mainstream of UK life.
The culture of the mainstream thinking does not appear to encourage
Impartial Electoral Education and impartial funding of this stream
needs to be put in place at the highest level for it to allow e-electoral
education to succeed.
Returning Officers
carry out an excellent job of running Elections, in fact world leaders,
but their very culture does not naturally fit in with in marketing
elections. Therefore a system of accredited impartial projects &
suppliers, such as ELECT is pioneering, might be helpful..
This system of impartial accreditation would assist the Returning
Officers to feel more comfortable in more pioneering ideas. Clarifying
the guidance to Returning Officers of what is acceptable would be
very helpful and iIt could be that the legislation behind them may
need updating to deal with the new media opportunities now becoming
available. Promoting the Impartial website address on all official
election material would be a major step forward, this could be even
more important with the increase of postal and all postal voting.
The voter could then go to the website and learn far more about
their ward candidates enabling them to be better informed and more
interested in participating.
On another matter,
as part of our Electoral Education programme we organised the Channel
7 Local Election debate, believed to be the first in the UK. We
were not permitted to officially sponsor the event and have our
banner encouraging people to visit our website and vote.
I would not have thought that as a fully impartial website, not
run by a council, that this was intended when the rules for the
ITC were devised. Perhaps this area could be clarified as otherwise
how can we encourage the electorate to take an interest in voting
if we cannot show people how to access their information?
Finally I would
like to thank my directors and working group for their unstinting
support and giving me the background information to have made this
project a success and The Electoral Commission for the constructive
and sympathetic way that they have dealt with us and the vision
to support us in this exciting project.
Richard A Bellamy
Executive Secretary ELECT
An Analysis of
what actually took place against objectives
• A programme
of meetings and workshops was held to provide 'awareness raising
of citizenship”' workshops at local level.
• These included
• a) a presentation to each political party to inform and
get their support. This was accomplished by three meetings and each
expressed full support. (Ob2,4,5,6,8)
• b) meetings with democratic services in North East Lincolnshire
to get their support. This was achieved and full cooperation resulted
with the Returning Officer and Registration Officer who joined our
working group and offered all assistance that was within their remit.
(Ob6,8)
• c) a conference for - teachers, lecturers, community leaders,
youth parliament representatives, local authority officers was held
in February attended by The Electoral Commission project manager
Tony Bellringer. (Ob1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8)
Over 50 people attended and the following Questions for group discussions
feedback and answers were received
Questions for
group discussions
1) How do you see this resource being used to enrich your area of
work or interest and to promote active citizenship?
i) Empowering
teachers – “This is already an excellent resource”
Roy Horobin Teacher
ii) To provide information and vocabulary for engagement
iii) To act as a process for engagement, using site to introduce
to IT skills
iv) To become a resource for the development of citizenship
v) To link into developments such as the Youth Parliament
vi) Raising Awareness to new ways of learning.
vii) Use children to help young parents to gain expertise having
missed out (last 20 years)
2) How would
you modify, add to or subtract from this resource to maximise its
usefulness in your area of interest or work?
i) The interactive
element of the site was seen as a big plus. There are great gains
to be made from the interactive development of the site
ii) The visual element of the site needs development. The “Sun”
has the biggest readership
iii) Interactivity with the elected representatives i.e. conveying
(young) peoples views forward
iv) Shorter audio clips to help in schools
v) More focus groups
vi) Produce other media spin offs to cater for those who will never
use P.C’s
vii) On business / voluntary Courses use site as an example of IT
etc
viii) Explain Council, MP’s and MEP’s responsibilities.
3) What can “ELECT” or you do to raise awareness of
this resource to stimulate active citizenship?
i) Involve children
in website development / feedback. E.g. raise awareness by the use
of text messaging. To back “shadow” general elections
in schools
ii) Pizaz & flash technology
iii) Show to the public that they CAN make a difference
iv) Links to other website e.g. lighthouseforeducation
v) Use of Interactive games
vi) Use of the ELECT model to develop school councils
vii) Use of the site to elect school governors
viii) Councillors newsletters
Feedback form
Active Citizenship Launch 18th Feb 2003
1. “Already
an excellent resource for Teachers” Roy Horobin – Teacher
2. “Empowering,
ideal to link development with Youth Parliament and involve text
messaging”
Phil Huckin NELincs
Foundation Subjects Consultant KS3
3. Richard
A very valuable and informative event.
The Community
Learning Service very much wants to be kept involved. Please put
me down as your communication contact point.
At the present
time we have a team of tutors working in libraries helping the public
to gain the skills to access ICT.
Talking with
my colleague Fiona Service from Libraries we feel that this team
may be useful in promoting ELECT.
We could provide demonstrations and 'help getting started' sessions.
We just need
the nod from you when you’re ready.
Lynne Maultby
Area Coordinator
Community Learning Service Lynne.Maultby@Nelincs.gov.uk
4. Dear Mr Bellamy,
I attended the
above conference on Tuesday this week and was very impressed with
the proposed new website. It will be a valuable tool and source
of information for all age groups.
I work with people
who have physical disabilities and sensory impairments in a day
service setting. I am also Chairman of Turning Point Productions
which is a group of people with disabilities making programmes about
disability issues for broadcast on Channel 7, our local television
station. I have contacts in many other disability organisations.
Disabled people
are part of our society but their needs and abilities are often
overlooked by decision makers such as government officials and others.
Your project will help many of them to have their voices heard over
issues that affect them every day of their lives, such as access
to transport, education, employment and leisure opportunities.
With today's
computer technology it would be so much easier for them to make
an informed choice when voting using the proposed website, and without
having to worry about how they will get to and from the polling
station.
Myself and other
colleagues (most of whom have a disability/impairment) are very
interested in helping to promoting your project in any way we can.
We can offer advice about accessibility of the site, act as a collective
voice for people with disabilities, and we can make a feature of
the project in one of our programmes on Channel 7. You may have
your own ideas of how we can assist.
I look forward
to hearing from you. Regards,
Glyn Spate Chairman
Turning Point Productions glynf.spate@ntlworld.com
5. Thanks Richard
I'd like to be in with the teens or young adults but I guess that's
wishful thinking! If it's a question of finding out what the various
groups think / want, I am most interested in the 16-18 age range
as that's my area of educational interest but I'm happy to make
up numbers.
I have had a
good look at the site which is an excellent idea.
I like the availability of audio but my link is a bit too slow to
take full advantage.
I was interested
to see that in the Doncaster mayoral election, the candidate who
declined an interview and said least in print actually won!
That tells us
something about the current situation re the electorate.
Expectations re information are obviously low and some candidates
are clearly being elected on reputation or charisma rather than
policies which is very worrying.
There is clearly
a need for education in the democratic process.
I think you've come up with a potential winner!
David Lee Dleescon@btinternet.com – Escon Ltd / Open School
Network
6. Richard
I thought the day went extremely well. It was good to see such a
wide cross section of people & hear the positive responses.
As I mentioned
before, the main contribution I can make in the future is in the
use of TV, particularly with respect to encouraging the engagement
of those currently disinterested in the political process.
Interestingly the latest research funded by the European Community
under the IST programme (1998-2002) concludes in its recommendations
for European policy and decision makers in education and training
that:
Lifelong learning
policies linked to providing greater access to ICT• appear
to be increasing participation of those already engaged in learning
but don’t appear to be encouraging wider participation of
those not already active in learning.
Consideration needs to be given to a variety of alternative•
solutions to overcome the emerging so-called “digital divide”
and finding alternative ways of encouraging more people to become
more active in learning.
Potentially (interactive) television has an important role in•
widening participation in learning, particularly in encouraging
people to participate in informal learning as a first step towards
more formalised learning.
Therefore, ICT policies that are aimed at encouraging increased•
and widening participation in learning should consider the role
that interactive digital TV solutions have in creating new learning
opportunities in the home.
The final report will be available at the end of March.
I spoke with
Tony Bellringer about submitting a local television based proposal
to enhance, promote and encourage use of the ELECT site. Perhaps
we can talk about this at our next meeting.
Congratulations
again on a successful launch.
John Trevitt Managing Director Immage Studios, Channel 7 TV johntrevitt@ntlworld.com
7. 'The launch
conference for ELECT in February 2003 was well organised, well attended
and I enjoyed it very much.
The focus of the project on the educational and informational aspects
of electronic voting was particularly interesting. I have no doubt
that ELECT will make a substantial contribution to the transformation
of local democracy in the digital age.'
Look forward to another very interesting event.(18th July)
Best regards,
Dr Xuidian Dai Senior Lecturer in Political. Economy of New Media
Technologies, Hull University
8. Dear Richard
An admirable idea.
My old friend, Sir Richard Body, says that the Internet opens up
new possibilities for democracy.
Technology in the form of TV destroyed the open-air public meeting.
Now, in the Internet, It restores the balance. I will be happy to
assist in any way.
Yours ever
Eric Clements
– Fisheries Advisor for Austin Mitchell MP gunner275@ntlworld.com
Initial POST
ELECTION COMMENTS
"The ElectionsUK
project represents a positive step forward in engaging voters and
promoting active citizenship.
The Democratic Services team looks forward to continuing its work
with ElectionsUK in the interests of stimulating democratic renewal."
Rob Walsh North East Lincs. Council Democratic and Corporate Services
Manager Tel: (01472) 324140
E-mail: rob.walsh@nelincs.gov.uk
Richard
I thought the site was fantastic during the election and if I can
be of any use in
developing it further. Please do not hesitate to contact me
All the best
Alan
Alan Burley – Election Manager NELincs Labour Party
C An Analysis
of what actually took place against objectives (Cont)
• d) Adult
education workshops were set up through the 11 online libraries
in the area with tutors visiting test locations. (Ob1,2,4,5,6,7,8)
• f) A
local TV debate was encouraged on Channel 7 NTL cable system, where
all parties were represented as well as an independent and our local
Member of the Youth Parliament. This one hour programme in front
of a live audience was transmitted each day for a week.(Ob1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8)
• g) Local
radio, TV and newspaper interviews were completed. (Ob1,2,4,6,7)
• h) Over
a dozen 9ft banners were placed around the borough encouraging citizenship
and voting. (Ob1,2,6,7,8)
• I) 6000
leaflets were distributed to encourage raise the profile of the
Election, visits to the Website, registering for polls and voting.
(Ob1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8)
• j) A
specially designed private web-based email facility was set up;
all candidates were given email addresses at xxx@ElectionsUK.org
, so that Candidates could find one another, via an internal search
engine.
Any email received from voters could be forwarded to their private
emails or handled online from any online computer. See mail.ElectionsUK.org
(Ob1,2,3,6,7,8)
• k) A
Message Board system was constructed on the website that allowed
discussion to take place online on a number of issues. Any posting
to the board was sent to the Administrator who could remove it,
edit it or contact the contributor. Any posting relevant to a party
or candidate could then be emailed onwards to encourage a reply.
Chat Moderators joined us to moderate any unacceptable postings
which have caused offence in the past.(Ob1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8)
• l) A
special arrangement with YOUGOV.com for local polling has been set
up with ElectionsUK. When enough people have registered it will
allow periodic local polls to be carried out cost effectively by
ElectionsUK or North East Lincolnshire Council. The basis of this
is on registration that the registrant gives a personal profile
so that a balanced demographic balanced can be given to any poll.
We found a considerable resistance to give detailed personal information
and are therefore designing a less intrusive registration system
which will still give an demographic profile accurate enough to
enable comminty polls to be taken with confidence as to the results.(Ob1,2,4,6,7,8)
• m) As
part of the candidate interviews, initial media training was given
to those requesting it. (Ob2,8)
• n) Connection
was made with schools and youth parliament representatives and an
ElectionsUK Youth Advisory Group has been formed. (Ob1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8)
• o) 800
Federation of Small Business members were circulated encouraging
them to be “Active Citizens” and suggest that they applied
for postal vote forms for all their employees that would not normally
vote. (Ob1,2,3,6,7,8)
• p) During
the election period a presentation was given to a registered blind
voter of his ward candidates using the audio interviews with good
results and now work is progressing with SoundScene, who produce
a weekly audio tape for the blind and partially sighted.
This is carried out by taking extracts from the Grimsby Telegraph.
We are producing a sample tape covering one ward as an example of
what could be produced for future elections. We give an introduction,
give details of each candidate, their audio views and then we can
play the audio of the Returning Officer giving the results. (Ob1,2,6,7,8)
q) Representatives
from Schools & Colleges are working on producing 12 bespoke
citizenship lesson plans, using ElectionsUK resources for teaching
in Key Stage 3, 4 and post 16
r) A printing
service was provided at the count for results of each ward shortly
after their announcement. A full analysis of all the wards was then
issued as soon as the final information for verified number of eligible
voters and verified actual voters was available.
The Candidate
Website
- During January, February to mid march the interactive database
elements of the website were designed and produced.
- This database allowed access to Candidates directly, by party
and by ward.
- Interviews with the Current Councillors (who were to become candidates)
were arranged and carried out stating 27th January.
- Arrangements were made for all Candidates to be given a letter
offering ELECT’s services to be handed to the Candidates when
they submitted their formal papers of candidature by the Electoral
Registration Officer. Thus all candidates received the offer and
had equal opportunity to contribute.
- The Candidate
interviews were all carried out on a one to one basis ( except for
thee occasions where 3 or 4 attended together to get their party’s
assistance.) these usually lasted between 1 and 1 ½ hours
and consisted of a full briefing of the project including an online
web demonstration. Each candidate was then asked to produce three
Ward issues on which they were going to fight the election and were
also asked “Why should people vote for you”. When the
candidate had identified their subjects a 30 second audio response
was recorded for use on the candidates own pages. This was repeated
until the candidate was satisfied that it represented them to their
satisfaction. Some candidates required assistance in identifying
which issues to choose and coaching in how to present them, whereas
others were well prepared and the interviews were achieved first
time. It became apparent that many candidates found it very helpful
to discuss their issues with our Impartial Interviewer as it helped
them to distil their ideas and prepared them to answer the voters
questioning with more confidence.
- It was surprising how late some candidates decided to stand and
the interview process was held up awaiting their candidature, delaying
the websites launch, as this was not made public until the Returning
Officer was satisfied to its content and accuracy were checked,
The alteration of number of Wards did not help.
- 64 of the 91 candidates took up the offer and over 250 sound files
were made and put up on the website.
- When nearly all the Candidates had been interviewed, the political
parties were asked to give the three main Council wide key issues
they were going to use and interviews were taken from the party
leaders or portfolio holders.
- The other parties were then offered the opportunity to counter
each issue.
- The independent candidates that cooperated were given the opportunity
to name one issue each on a Council wide basis (none took up the
opportunity) and reply to one of the main party issues; this was
taken up by three independent candidates.
The website itself
was set up allowing an enquirer to put in their own home postcode
or address to find out which ward they were in (14 old wards had
been redesigned by the Boundaries Committee to balance out the population
better and 15 wards were used for the election for the first time).
Special thanks are offered to Democratic Services who produced the
information as it was not yet available nationally.
Residents were then able to look up their ward and see a copy of
the ballot paper that they would find at the polling station. We
believe fear of what will be found in the ballot booth acts as a
disincentive to voters, therefore for people to see what their actual
ballot form looks like might well help the unsure and first time
voter.
On a further connection it gave the ward candidate with Photos under
which was an audio link “Why vote for me?” this page
is hyperlinked through to the candidate’s main page. There
they give their 3 issues on audio and text, any further information
about themselves, an email access for communication and a Press
Release page which they could update from any online computer in
the world.
A message board was set up to allow open debate on the site
D- An analysis of what happened against the original Outcomes
1. The proportion
of electorate voting in the next local election
In North East Lincolnshire the turnout increased, initial suggestions
were that this was unusual in non postal and e voting pilots authorities
but at the time of writing (July 3rd) it has not been possible to
get national statistics for other unitary authorities.
ElectionsUK.org though its non web activities certainly raised the
profile of the elections, as described above but what the consequences
of the other outside factors had in increasing the turnout is uncertain.
Action put in place by ElectionsUK for youth development should
assist turnout in the future.
2. The number
of 'hits' on the ELECT web-site
It became obvious from an early stage that the project had not started
early enough to give full benefit.
So much time was spent in briefing the Councillors and Candidates
and then interviewing them that the Website could not be advertised
as being online until too late (15th April).
The critical period of the election was not helped as the schools
were on holiday until three days before the election. This upset
our plans to activate the schools through their teachers and the
award winning North East Lincolnshire Schools website http://www.thelighthouseforeducation.co.uk
In spite of the above the site recorded 38218 page hits.
3. The number
of questions asked by electors on the web-site
(a) under 18 years old (b) over 18 years old
Deferred for future report. The website went active, prior to local
elections and over the period that schools were on holiday.
4. The number
of schools and colleges who have used the ELECT web-site as part
of Citizenship courses
Representatives from Schools & Colleges are working on producing
12 bespoke citizenship lesson plans, using ElectionsUK resources
for teaching in Key Stage 3, 4 and post 16
5. The number
and composition of attendees at ELECT conferences and workshops
Conference Launch 7 Teachers, 8 Students, 2 Voluntary sector, 6
Business sector, 15 Public Sector, 13 Politicians
Association of Electoral Administrators Brighton and Wakefield 5
Politicians, 40 public sector Electoral / Democratic Services
Politics Association 30 teachers / Lecturers
Lincolnshire Conservatives 50 politicians including 3 Shadow Cabinet
members, 2 MEP’s and party leaders
6 The number
of candidates for election who (a) attend ELECT briefings
4 briefings for Party Leaders, 4 Briefings for Party Groups
64 briefings for individual members
(b) engage with
debate on the web-site
64 Candidates gave audio interviews and stood ready to debate.
Proposed Questions
and parameters to judge effectiveness of ELECT Project
At briefing sessions for candidates put out a questionnaire:
Will you be using the site to communicate your ideas?
Are you prepared to take part in on-line discussion?
• 50% more candidates use e-methods to communicate with the
electorate
100% of those interviewed were prepared to communicate through the
site
90% of those interviewed were prepared to take part in online discussion
(they had not yet got computers and were a little unsure of new
technology)
Do you feel more
confident in using e-communication?
• 50% of candidates state increased levels of confidence in
using e-communication)
100% of those interviewed stated that they were now more confident
in using
e communication
On the website,
include a feedback form with questions:
Are you more aware of who the candidates are?
• Over 70% of respondents state more awareness of who the
candidates are.
Over 85%* of those who replied stated that they were now more aware
of who the candidates are
Are you more
aware of what each candidate is standing for?
• Over 60% of respondents state more awareness of what the
candidates are standing for.
Over 85%* of those who replied stated that they were now more aware
of what each candidate is standing for.
Are you going
to use the website to engage in on-line discussion with candidates?
• Over 20% of respondents reply that they are likely to engage
in on-line discussions with candidates.
Over 71%* of those who replied stated that they were now more aware
of who the candidates are.
Are you more
likely now to vote in the next election?
* Over 50% of respondents state an increased likelihood of voting
in the next election if over 18 years old
Over 57%* of those who replied stated that they were now more likely
to vote in the next election.
* Note - These
figures should be treated with discretion owing to the small number
who were prepared to enter their personal information into the ElectionsUK
/ YOUGOV polling system. A more basic registration is being developed
to deal with this problem but still giving an adequate demographic
profile.